The emergency room, emergency department or ER, is where people go when they need emergency assistance. That seems general, but ERs can handle anything from sprained ankles to heart attacks and strokes. They have the facilities, doctors and expertise to handle almost everything that comes their way.
Trauma centers are usually located within the ER. They aren’t often discussed singularly because they are part of the emergency room system. Trauma centers handle the extreme cases where there is an issue of immediate survival. Highly-specialized surgeons work with the most advanced equipment to increase the likelihood of survival in the patients that are sent there. The word “trauma” best describes what brings people to these centers as they are equipped to handle life-threatening and critical injuries.