What causes constipation

Frequent Constipation May Not Be a Trivial Issue

While constipation is often perceived as a minor inconvenience, its persistent presence can lead to serious complications. These complications include the development of ulcers in the colon or the onset of hemorrhoids, and in some cases, it might even signal the early stages of colorectal cancer.

Chronic Constipation, Cancer, Symptoms, and Causes

Constipation is typically defined as having fewer than three bowel movements per week, with stools that are hard, dry, and difficult to pass. The discomfort is often compounded by the sensation of incomplete evacuation even after a bowel movement. Various factors contribute to this condition, including:

  • Stress: Emotional strain can severely impact digestive health.
  • Low Fiber Intake: A diet lacking adequate fiber or failing to meet necessary quantities.
  • Dehydration: Insufficient fluid consumption is a common contributor.
  • Lack of Exercise: Physical inactivity can hinder digestive efficiency.
  • Habitual Use of Laxatives: Frequent self-administration of laxatives or enemas can disrupt normal bowel function.
  • Suppressing the Urge: Regularly ignoring the need to defecate can worsen constipation.
  • Side Effects of Medications: Certain medications, such as contraceptives, antacids, and antihypertensives, can contribute to constipation.
  • Underlying Medical Conditions: Diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's disease, and stroke can impair bowel function.

When to See a Doctor for Constipation

Individuals experiencing chronic constipation or difficulty in passing stools should consult a healthcare professional if they notice changes in their stool’s characteristics. Early warning signs to watch for include:

  • Blood in Stool: The presence of blood, changes in stool color or size, or rectal bleeding during bowel movements.
  • Increased Bowel Movements: A sudden increase in the frequency of bowel movements.
  • Abdominal Lump: Detecting a palpable mass in the abdomen.
  • Persistent Urge to Defecate: A continuous sensation of needing to pass stool, accompanied by rectal pain.
  • Unexplained Weight Loss: A significant and unexplained reduction in body weight.
  • Anemia and Fatigue: Experiencing fatigue and paleness without a clear cause.
  • Severe Abdominal Pain: Intense abdominal pain that isn’t alleviated by a bowel movement or passing gas.

These symptoms could be indicative of colorectal cancer.

Foods That Help Prevent Constipation

  • Brown Rice and Whole Grains: Rich in dietary fiber, they aid in digestion and prevent constipation.
  • Fruits with Low Sugar Content: Papaya, in particular, is high in fiber, water, and essential vitamins and minerals that support digestive health.
  • Green Leafy Vegetables: Vegetables like chives and spinach are fiber-rich, promoting digestion and overall well-being.

Modifying one’s diet and bowel habits can often relieve chronic constipation. However, it’s important to note that several risk factors may increase the likelihood of colorectal cancer. According to medical recommendations, individuals should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 50. Those with a family history of colorectal cancer or symptoms mentioned above may need to start screening earlier. The preferred screening method currently is colonoscopy.